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Amarna Princess
The ''Amarna Princess'', sometimes referred to as the "Bolton Amarna Princess", is a statue forged by British art forger Shaun Greenhalgh and sold by his father to Bolton Museum for £440,000 in 2003. Based on the Amarna art-style of ancient Egypt, the purchase of the ''Amarna Princess'' was feted as a "coup" by the museum and it remained on display for three years.〔Linton, Deborah. ("Family con that fooled the art world" ), ''Manchester Evening News'', November 16, 2007. Accessed November 18, 2007.〕 However, in November 2005, Greenhalgh was brought under suspicion by Scotland Yard's Arts and Antiquities Unit, and the statue was impounded for further examination in March 2006.〔Malvern, Jack. ("The ancient Egypt statue from Bolton (circa 2003)" ), ''Times Online'', March 27, 2006. Accessed December 4, 2007.〕 It is now displayed as a part of an exhibition of fakes and forgeries.
==Background and preparation==
In 1999, following some early successes, the Greenhalghs began their most ambitious forgery project yet. They bought the 1892 sale catalogue of the contents of Silverton Park, Devon, the home of the 4th Earl of Egremont, George Wyndham.〔''This Is London'', (no byline). ("The artful codgers: pensioners who conned British museums with £10m forgeries" ), ''This Is London'', November 16, 2007. Accessed November 18, 2007.〕 While the fourth Earl was not known as a collector, previous earls had been: the Praxitelean "Leconfield Head", stands out even among the Greek antiquities at Petworth. One of the Wyndhams who acquired ancient sculptures from Rome might just have obtained, along with other pieces, the ''Amarna Princess.'' It was quite plausible then that George Wyndham had amassed a distinguished collection in his own new-built mansion at Silverton.〔Thomas, Angela. ("The Amarna Princess" ), ''Nemes the Egyptology Society'', Mar 2004. Accessed December 15, 2006.〕 Certainly the auction catalogue notes extended to pages.〔Kelly, James. ("Fraudsters who resented the art market" ), ''BBC News'', November 16, 2007. Accessed November 17, 2007.〕
Among the lots in the sale were a group lot comprising "a draped figure of a female, five marble statuettes and eight Egyptian figures."〔Malvern, Jack. ("The ancient Egypt statue from Bolton (circa 2003)" ), ''Times Online'', Mar 27, 2006.〕 The vagueness of the catalogue description was not too surprising for the time, and if any such actual Amarna art had been there, it may well have remained unrecognised.〔 Shaun Greenhalgh was a professional antique dealer and meticulous researcher, and must have been well aware of this. While he did not appear to have had access to the internet〔 he was well used to the trade catalogues and art books, and is known to have worked from photographs. Further to the item's natural obscurity, there are only two other similar statuettes existing in the world.〔''This Is London'', (no byline). ( "The artful codgers: pensioners who conned British museums with £10m forgeries" ), ''This Is London'', November 16, 2007. Accessed November 18, 2007. And see Ward, David. ("How garden shed fakers fooled the art world" ). ''The Guardian'', Nov, 17 (updated 24), 2007.〕 These are held in the Louvre〔("Body of a Woman, probably Nefititi"(image) ), in the Louvre, Accessed December 15, 2007.〕 and the Penn Museum.〔("Statue of an Amarna princess"(image) ), in the Penn Museum, Accessed December 15, 2007.〕
In the event, taking full advantage of the vagueness of the auction notes Greenhalgh manufactured what became the ''Amarna Princess'', a 52 cm statue, apparently made of a "stunning translucent alabaster."〔Kelly, James. ("Fraudsters who resented the art market" ), ''BBC News'', Nov 17, 2007.〕 Done in the Egyptian Amarna style of 1350 BC, the statue represents one of the daughters of the Pharaoh Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti, probable father and stepmother of Tutankhamun. Greenhalgh reputedly "knocked up" his copy in his shed in three weeks out of calcite, "using basic DIY tools and making it look old by coating it in a mixture of tea and clay".〔Re-using catalogue details: see Chadwick, Edward. ("Antiques rogues show update" ), ''The Bolton News'', Nov 17, 2007; re "calcite" see Kelly, James. ("Fraudsters who resented the art market" ), ''BBC News'', Nov 17, 2007;re DIY, etc see ''This Is London'', (no byline). ( "The artful codgers: pensioners who conned British museums with £10m forgeries" ), ''This Is London'', November 16, 2007. Accessed November 18, 2007.〕 A copyist by inclination, his piece was most likely based directly on the known princesses, especially the one in the Louvre. A diagrammatic comparison shows just how close the similarities are, down to the missing limbs.〔Pearman, Anna. ("The Bolton Amarna Princess" ), ''Egyptology Forum'', Apr 13, 2006. Accessed December 2, 2007.〕 The ''Amarna Princess'' being only somewhat taller, by .〔''This is Lancashire, (no byline). ("Statuette to be star of show in town's museum" ), ''This is Lancashire'', Jan 30, 2004. Accessed December 2, 2007.〕
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